Squirrel Mandarin Fish, also known as Sweet and Sour Mandarin Fish, is a renowned dish hailing from Jiangsu Province in China. It is a quintessential part of Su cuisine, which is renowned for its delicate flavors and intricate cooking techniques. This dish is admired for its vivid red appearance, crispy exterior, and tender interior, all complemented by a delightful sweet and sour sauce. Below, we will delve into the detailed recipe for preparing Squirrel Mandarin Fish, highlighting the steps and techniques involved.
Ingredients
Mandarin Fish (or Substitute): One whole mandarin fish (preferably around 1.5 kg) or substitute with a similar-sized fish like carp or grass carp.
Note: Mandarin fish (or guiyu in Chinese) refers specifically to the Siniperca chuatsi species, known for its firm texture and delicious taste. However, it can be challenging to find, so similar fish can be used.
Marinade:
- 2 tablespoons of cooking wine
- 1 tablespoon of light soy sauce
- 1 teaspoon of white pepper powder
- 1 teaspoon of salt
- 1 tablespoon of grated ginger
- 2 cloves of garlic, finely chopped
Batter:
- 2 egg yolks
- 1/4 cup of cornstarch
- 1/4 cup of all-purpose flour
- A little water (to adjust the consistency)
Sauce:
- 1/2 cup of ketchup
- 2 tablespoons of white vinegar
- 2 tablespoons of sugar
- 1 tablespoon of water starch
- 1/4 cup of water
- Salt to taste
Garnish:
- Pine nuts (or cashews)
- Blanched peas
- Fresh coriander leaves (optional)
Other Ingredients: Vegetable oil for frying
Preparation
Cleaning and Preparation of Fish
Step 1: Begin by cleaning the fish thoroughly. Scale the fish, remove the gills and internal organs, and wash it under running water. Pat it dry using paper towels.
Step 2: Make diagonal cuts on both sides of the fish, about 1 cm deep and 2 cm apart. This will help the sauce penetrate the fish and make it look like a squirrel’s fur when cooked.
Step 3: Remove the backbone and ribs of the fish carefully, ensuring the fish remains intact. This requires a sharp knife and steady hands.
Marinating the Fish
Step 4: In a bowl, mix the marinade ingredients (cooking wine, light soy sauce, white pepper powder, salt, grated ginger, and finely chopped garlic).
Step 5: Rub the marinade evenly into the cuts and over the surface of the fish. Allow it to marinate for at least 30 minutes, preferably refrigerated, to enhance the flavor.
Preparing the Batter
Step 6: In another bowl, whisk together the egg yolks, cornstarch, and all-purpose flour. Gradually add water, a little at a time, until the batter reaches a thick, pouring consistency. This batter should coat the fish evenly without being too runny.
Shaping the Fish
Step 7: Once the fish has marinated, lift it by the tail and coat it evenly with the batter. Be careful to cover all parts, including the cuts.
Step 8: Using chopsticks or your fingers, gently lift the edges of the cuts to ensure the batter gets inside them. This will create a fluffy, fur-like appearance when fried.
Frying the Fish
Step 9: Heat vegetable oil in a deep frying pan or wok until it reaches around 180°C (350°F). Use a thermometer to check the oil temperature accurately.
Step 10: Carefully lower the coated fish into the hot oil, holding it by the tail to shape it like a squirrel’s head and tail. Fry until golden brown and crispy, about 3-4 minutes on each side. Use a slotted spoon to drain excess oil.
Step 11: Place the fried fish on a paper towel-lined plate to drain any remaining oil.
Preparing the Sauce
Step 12: While the fish is frying, prepare the sauce. In a saucepan, combine ketchup, white vinegar, sugar, water, and salt. Stir well to combine.
Step 13: Bring the sauce to a simmer over medium heat, stirring occasionally. Once it begins to thicken, add the water starch mixture and stir continuously until the sauce reaches a glossy consistency.
Plating and Serving
Step 14: Carefully place the fried fish on a serving plate. Pour the hot sweet and sour sauce over the fish, ensuring it covers all parts evenly.
Step 15: Garnish with pine nuts (or cashews) and blanched peas. These not only add texture and flavor but also enhance the dish’s visual appeal.
Step 16: Optionally, sprinkle with fresh coriander leaves for an added touch of freshness and color.
Tips and Tricks
Fish Selection: Ensure the fish is fresh and firm to achieve the best texture when cooked. Mandarin fish is ideal, but substitutes like carp or grass carp work well too.
Marinating: Marinating the fish helps it absorb flavors and tenderizes the meat. Always marinate in the refrigerator to prevent bacterial growth.
Batter Consistency: The batter should be thick enough to coat the fish evenly but not too runny. Adjust with water as needed.
Oil Temperature: Maintaining the correct oil temperature is crucial for achieving a crispy exterior without overcooking the interior. Use a thermometer for accuracy.
Sauce Thickness: The sauce should be thick enough to coat the fish without being too gluggy. Adding water starch helps achieve the perfect consistency.
Cultural Significance
Squirrel Mandarin Fish holds cultural significance in Jiangsu cuisine, where it is often served as a festive dish due to its auspicious appearance and delicious flavor. The dish’s name and shape symbolize prosperity and abundance, making it a popular choice for special occasions like weddings, birthdays, and festivals.
Moreover, the intricate preparation and presentation of Squirrel Mandarin Fish reflect the culinary artistry of Jiangsu cuisine. Chefs take pride in their ability to carve intricate patterns on the fish and cook it to perfection, ensuring it looks as good as it tastes.
Conclusion
Squirrel Mandarin Fish is a beloved dish in Jiangsu cuisine, known for its delightful combination of flavors, crispy exterior, and tender interior. By following the detailed recipe provided above, anyone can prepare this iconic dish at home. From selecting the right fish to mastering the sauce and garnish, each step contributes to creating a memorable culinary experience. Whether enjoyed as a festive dish or a simple family meal, Squirrel Mandarin Fish is sure to impress with its beauty and taste. So, gather your ingredients, roll up your sleeves, and start cooking this delightful culinary masterpiece today!
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